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• Internet: surfing too can justify dismissal

Tourism sites, comparing prices, ready-to-wear, women's magazine … This framework has performed all 10,000 connections to the Internet from his office, within two or three weeks, unrelated to his work. The Court of Cassation, in the beginning, the immediate dismissal of the employee. The use of "abusive" Internet was selected as "serious misconduct". "In this area, as for the rest, there is a principle of fairness: the working time should be used for the job," summarizes Mr. Eric Rocheblave, a lawyer specializing in labor law at Montpellier.

Personal use of the Internet in the office, it is reasoned, is not prohibited by the Labour Code. The employer, however, the right to control what sites are visited, since the connection is provided within the work, and supposed to be used for professional purposes. Some sites are of course to be avoided: the Bordeaux Court of Appeal held in 2011 that the consultation sites "sexual activities and meetings" is a serious offense.

• Social networks: they constitute evidence of fault

What is said on Facebook is far from private, dozens of cases to prove it. Three engineers were dismissed in 2010 for insulting their boss on the social network. Posts were only visible by their "friends" … where an employee of the company, which has screenshots and forwarded to the employer. "The impressions are found increasingly in labor arbitration cases, observed Rocheblave me. Everyone is spying and folders. "Traces left on social networks constitute evidence and may be grounds for dismissal.  

The use of Facebook in the office is not prohibited but not recommended, especially if excessive, again because the principle of fairness at work. For many, the question does not arise: in 2011, 64% of companies blocking access to these networks to their employees.

In rare cases, social networks can also save the employees. Court of Appeal of Poitiers, a licensed salesperson verbally could demonstrate that it was well under employment contract showing messages left by his employer on his Facebook page.

• E-mail: protected if identified as "personal"

All e-mails from the professional messaging … are supposed to be professionals. The employer has an "absolute right" of these emails, "the same way a baker look at how our employees are making bread," notes Rocheblave me. Nothing prevents an employee to send personal emails, but in moderation. In 2009, the Council of Angers Prud'hommes confirmed the dismissal of an employee who had sent 156 personal e-mails in two months.

The secrecy of correspondence applies to personal mails clearly identified as such with the word "personal" in the subject. They can be consulted by management in the presence of the employee or representative, except in cases of "risk or special event." With regard to the content of e-mails, the same rules of decency apply. The Court of Appeal has recently Orleans upheld the dismissal of an employee for sending saucy emails to colleagues.  

• Work Phone:

some tolerance

According to the CNIL (PDF), "The use for personal phone (provided by employer) work is tolerated if it is reasonable and not prejudicial to your employer." Conversations can not be recorded, except in special cases and reported (qualitative studies, for example). The employer can control the use of the telephone, from invoices and phone records. An employee who had sent 522 SMS and spent a total of 24 hours of calls in three months on his business phone has escaped dismissal last summer, before the Court of Appeal of Grenoble. She acknowledged the complaint but considered as disproportionate dismissal, an employee with 12 years of seniority.

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Seen from Europe, it is still a great performance. Canada ends 2012 on a GDP growth of 1.8%, but shows a sharp slowdown at the end of the year. In the last quarter, GDP grew by only 0.2% compared to the previous three months. Above all, it shows a worse performance than its big brother U.S. (+2.2% in 2012), while in recent years, it is rather the Canadian economy that held the rope.

In fact, the country is a model at European level, that of a well-run country, which has imposed a diet and the necessary reforms in the 1990s. It has not been the financial storm of 2008 with the same intensity as the United States, thanks to the strength and the wisdom of its banks. Subprime loans have never weighed more than 5% of appropriations. Another asset of the country rich in natural resources, mining, oil and gas, has benefited from the surge in commodity prices, boosted by Chinese demand. Where exports account for nearly 35% of GDP.

Sharp increase in household debt

Nevertheless, after a few years at full speed also made by consumer spending, the engine is now Canadian landing. "In 2012, there is a double impact of a decline in public investment of 5.6% and a lower business investment, especially in the productive sector, which suffers from a lower external demand and a lack productivity, "Inna Mufteeva analysis, economist at Natixis. Added to this are the measures taken by the authorities to reduce household debt has reached crisis level. In ten years, it has increased by 50% to 150% of disposable income, and exceeds that of Americans.

As for interest rates very low, improvement of the labor market, which has quickly regained its pre-crisis level with an unemployment rate of 7.3% and banks less frowning on the Granting loans, real estate loans have increased significantly. They now represent 64% of total debt. Moreover, because of their exposure to the property sector, Moody's and Standard and Poor's have downgraded the bank. The spectrum of a real estate bubble fueled by rising prices in recent years concern the central bank and the government, which has notably reduced the life of the loan. "The risks are concentrated in major cities of Toronto and Vancouver," relativizes Christopher Ragan, an economist at McGill University.

Controversial pipeline

This raises another expert structural fragility of the country, economic interests which differ between provinces. When the highly industrial Ontario depends mainly on exports in the productive sector – which has suffered in recent months the Canadian dollar – Alberta rich in raw materials instead saw its oil sands.

This key sector of the energy, the challenge in the medium and long term will increase exports, constraints today by congestion problems. Canada would develop new pipelines to the United States but also to grant access on the Pacific coast. But these projects, including Keystone, which must reach Texas, are highly controversial for environmental reasons.

Problem of the rich, say the most optimistic. Canada sits on solid financial fundamentals, with a public debt of 35% of GDP and a small deficit in 2012 to 1.5% of GDP. What restart the machine if necessary.

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Belvedere shareholders will vote February 12 on the future of the group in trouble. Bruce Willis announced he will vote in favor of the plan negotiated by the administrator Frederic Abitbol. The star, which, since 2009, promoting …

Pierre Moscovici he prepares the ground already new listings difficult in the French car? The Minister of Economy and Finance has estimated Sunday evening, PSA Peugeot Citroën will "probably go further" measures taken in recent months to ensure its survival. Unspecified. Guest on the show "All political" France Inter-World-AFP, Pierre Moscovici simply stated that it was the leaders of the automotive group "to clarify the situation." And remember that PSA is a private company. But the statements of the Minister, elected Montbéliard in the Doubs, where PSA has its largest plant in France are not neutral.  

All policy – Pierre Moscovici by franceinter

Faced with the slowdown of its natural market – Europe – where new car sales fell by 9% in 2012, PSA has already taken several steps to recover: closure of its Aulnay site and removing 8,000 jobs cash advance loan. Meanwhile, he began a rapprochement with the U.S. General Motors, stabilized its financial subsidiary and changed its governance. This year, PSA must be addressed to improve the competitiveness of its French factories like Renault, hoping to quickly sign an agreement for this purpose with its unions.

2013 will be very difficult for both companies while the French market could again decline (-5%) this year.

After the Constitutional Council's decision to cancel the outstanding 75% tax on incomes over € 1 million per year, the Prime Minister announced that the government would introduce within the next Finance Act 2014 a " new device. " Start from scratch is indeed the only option left if the government wants to implement the measure. Any decision of the Constitutional Council is essential. It is binding on all administrative authorities and juridictionelles and there is no recourse. Nicolas Sarkozy had unsuccessfully attempted to circumvent the opinion of the Sages in 2008. He had asked the Supreme Court to make applicable preventive detention already convicted criminals, while the measure had been censored by the Constitutional Council. The President of the Court of Cassation refused, recalling that wise decisions are binding on all courts.

"Difficult politically conjugaliser taxation"

Therefore introduce a new device, but how to get it back is not invalidated by the wise? In a statement, the Prime Minister assured that the new text would be "consistent with the principles laid down by the Constitutional Council's decision." Without specifying what would be changed, how, how much and when. Because this is where the situation is complicated. The Constitutional Council has criticized this tax apply to individuals and not at home, which is the basis for levying tax on income. Specifically, with this tax, a couple, each of whom would receive an income of 900,000 euros, would be exempt, while another, only one member would earn € 1 no teletrack payday loans.2 million and the other not, should the pay, what the Sages deem unfair. "Respect the decision of the Constitutional Council conjugalisant taxation at 75% is easy to imagine right, but politically difficult," says Guy Carassone, constitutionalist, Le Figaro. Two options available to the government, says the Constitutionalist:

• Taxing 75% of households earning more than € 2 million per year. "But there is very little," says the specialist. Taxation exceptional in its initial version had already hit only about 1500 people who have paid an average of 140,000 euros as such

• Taxing 75% households earning more than $ 1 million per year. "But there's a lot more than initially referred by far," said Guy Carcassone. As an example, in France there depending on the tool developed by economist Thomas Piketty over 30,000 French earning more than 500,000 euros a year, so likely to be targeted if they are in a relationship with someone winning as they are.

Whatever solution is chosen, the symbolic measure of François Hollande change of substance. Besides a new text bring new oppositions, and that the Council constutionnel may again be entered.

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David Cameron is preparing to go into battle, Thursday 22 and Friday 23 November in Brussels for a summit of all the dangers on the EU budget. British Prime Minister may disturb discussions with its requirements spending freeze over the period 2014-2020. A position in which it is already door overhang its base eurosceptic, calling it a reduction – position supported by the majority of the British. David Cameron has tried in recent days to build bridges with other European capitals, without much success.

The insoluble problem of the British government is to find common ground with the bloc while controlling internal opinion more spirited in Europe. The crisis gives grist to the eurosceptics who are happy to approach the opportunity of a "Brexit", an output of the United Kingdom Union.  

A referendum is "inevitable"

According to a survey published Sunday The Observer, 56% of Britons would vote for out of the EU if a referendum were held, only 30% want to stay no fax cash loans. "The UK stands close to the exit door, closer than it has ever been for forty years," says Kirsty Hughes, a specialist in Europe the organization Index on Censorship.

The former commissioner in Brussels, Peter Mandelson, said "inevitable" a referendum. Such consultation could be held after the parliamentary elections of 2015, around 2017. In the meantime, the question will poison British politics and interfere, because of this critical issue, all European negotiations.

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Employees are willing to make concessions to avoid a social plan in their business? To this question the fifth Observatory social enterprise set up by Ipsos for Cesi, in partnership with Le Figaro and BFM Business, employees say yes to a large majority. They are ready to mobilize and be willing to say "concessions strong": 64% agree to waive such 35 hours, 59% gel salary and 54% are open to periods of partial unemployment. However, they are less willing to fall – even slightly – their salary, with only 32% positive reviews.

This mobilization of employees is due to the amplification effect of the crisis on employment. For them, this rhyme in their daily lives with the non-replacement of departures (44%), stopping CSD or temporary assignments (43%) and, of course, the hiring freeze (43%). "Nearly one in five shows have seen an increase in its business redundancies individual or social plans," said Stephen Mercier, Deputy Director of Public Affairs Ipsos opinion.

This mobilization of personnel is indicative of a strong rise in the fear of unemployment among the working population. In this regard, the Social Observatory of the company is clear: 61% of employees surveyed believe they are likely to experience a period of unemployment during their career (quarter say it will happen "definitely"). "More than one in five employees even consider that there is a significant probability that experiencing a period of unemployment in the next two years," says Stephen Mercier. Women (29%), seniors (30%) and those working in small structures (34%) are the most worried.

In this context very dark, the Social Observatory of the company has sought to determine whether employees are working more and more their "employability", to be able to bounce back in times of crisis and loss of their jobs absolutely free credit score. In the eyes of employees, "have the capacity and skills to change jobs or business" is the number one criterion for finding a job (70%), followed by relations or the network (53%). "The training does not seem to be enough today to find or find a job, especially when the age of the employees advance: if 30% of those under age 40 believe that having qualifications is an important asset in finding a job Only 23% of 40 and over feel the same, "says the head of Ipsos.

Ability to bounce forming

However, employees do not act enough to "grow" these skills and so famous that "employability" essential to rebound. According to the Observatory, "only a minority of them regularly consults vacancies that may affect them (22%) and treats his relationships within the company (26% do so regularly) or outside the company (only 17%), including through professional social networks (only 7% do so regularly). "

The reason may be sought in a "self-assessment" quite high employability, which does not always correspond to reality: 78% believe they have such professional qualifications and experience in their desired field activity, 51% believe further that the professional training they have benefited enable them to stay abreast of developments in their field. They show, however, more conservative (and realistic?) On their ability to leave their current field of activity, since only 40% believe that, if they wished, they would be easy to find a job in a company operating in an area different from their own.

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The offer carsharing in Paris will expand. Veolia Transdev has sold the company to Mobizen Communauto, a Quebec company specializing in car sharing since 1994 and a pioneer in North America. For 11 years, Mobizen offers Parisians to rent vehicles for a short time, for example, to run errands. "If the operation of the service remains the same, our prices will be more attractive and our fleet will increase," says the director of Mobizen, Laure Douarre.

Earlier Tuesday, Benoît Robert, President and founder of Communauto announced lower prices: "In the coming weeks, we will significantly reduce the hourly rate of Service. Our vehicles will be offered during the week, depending on the package selected at rates ranging from 1.5 euros and 2.25 euros an hour. " Until then, the lowest price was 3 euros per hour (4 euros without package), which should be added from 30 to 40 cents per kilometer. In comparison, the service Autolib 'costs at least 10 euros per hour and the subscription, even the day is mandatory.

Hybrid vehicles in 2013

For now, Mobizen account 3500-4000 active members – those who use the service at least once a quarter – and hears, through the reduction of tariffs, increase the time of rental per person fast cash online. Following the takeover by Communauto park cars available will be extended to medium term. "The service will ramp up," says the director of Mobizen. The potential of capital is estimated at 4,000 cars in the next few years. For now, the 150 available cars run on diesel but "some will be hybrids from the current year 2013," says Mobizen. Subsequently, a portion of the fleet run on electricity, as is the case for 1750véhicules Autolib '.

"Autolib 'and Mobizen are two complementary services than competitors, defends Douarre Laure, our vehicles are more suitable for long journeys because they run on diesel, when they Autolib' is 100% electric." Another major difference between the network belonging to that acquired by Bolloré and Communauto: the return of the car. A Mobizen must always be returned to its starting point, while Autolib 'can afford to make a trip from point A to point B. At each network to choose according to their needs.

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The founding president of the audiovisual group is upbeat for both his radio NRJ, Chérie FM, Nostalgie and NRJ 12 TV channels and Honey HD future.

LE FIGARO. – In July, NRJ became the first radio station in France. How to consolidate this position?

Jean-Paul BAUDECROUX. – The current formula works very well as the entire grid has increased: the morning of Manu, who won 10% of the audience and brings together every morning 2.8 million listeners in the evening Cauet, who won 82% audience share. Especially slices musical day increased by 20%. This is also explained by the fact that we have repatriated musical research of Morocco in France. This season, we will capitalize on the morning that we have strengthened with the arrival of Stephanie Loire and Merlin. We deceive more and more young people, which has a ripple effect since it is they who are pushing their parents to listen to NRJ. Growth will continue. We had eight consecutive waves of rising to a cumulative audience of 11.7%, more than 6 million daily listeners. The potential is still enormous. We can achieve 13% hearing and thus strengthen our leading position. Success is success.

What impact will this have on advertising revenue?

With the success we have increased our advertising rates by 30% in one year! Raising rates has been well accepted by advertisers as they seek the instantaneous power for their campaigns. In addition, the rate increase is a good act of communication because it reflects the confidence we have in our media. A radio that gives away its rates confesses his weakness and sends a very negative message to the market. This is good news to become the leader before the start, because we enjoy the full big month from September to December, which represent 40% of revenue for the year.

NextRadioTV and Europe with one, you sent a letter to Médiamétrie to change the measurement of radio audience measurement declarative bartering for an automatic. Why?

For a long time I am fighting to impose audience measurement: measurement of radio audiences thanks to technology embodied in the smartphone panelists. It is imperative that this will lead because we can finally measure the radio audience instantly like the TV and the Internet. It is unthinkable to stay with an audience measurement quarterly. The audience measurement has long existed in the United States and we saw that it was very beneficial to the entire radio media. For the current measurement underestimates the audience of young people and people in contact with the radio taxis or shops. United States, the audience measurement showed that the radio audience is much larger in reality. For the activity, it is very good because the radio today represents only 8% of the French advertising market then it should be double! Radio, heard daily by 83% of the French, is a powerful medium, very efficient and has a huge impact!

This will help NRJ he is present in many stores?

We have a subsidiary Canal Music offering music to a number of chain stores with or without the NRJ jingle. This is because music helps sales in stores.

In television, what are your ambitions NRJ 12?

We capitalize on our brands, "Angels of reality," "So true," "Hollywood Girl" and have installed "You live" by Jean-Marc Morandini. In one week, the show has already reached 3.2% audience share on the housewives. It is beyond our expectations and if this continues we will make premium times. Today, NRJ 12 produced or coproduced 70% of its programs. My goal is to reach 90% term production house, because it is important to understand its brands for exclusives. Before we bought outside programs, such as the American series Friends. But two years ago, France 4, a public service channel, made a bid at a price totally out market Friends with public money, and has won this program. It gave me a good lesson. Above all, I really support Aurélie Filippetti, who wants the public service to make de France 4 real and not a youth channel valve series and American movies!

December 12, 2012, you launch your new channel Honey HD. What does it look like?

This is the first string on the theme of women that will be accessible to all. This thematic cable and satellite is one that attracts the most investment in advertising, as evidenced by the success of Teva. The advantage is that the subject is female wide format and our agreement signed with the CSA allows us to distribute many formats.

Will it one minigénéraliste?

Honey HD is the equivalent of a large women's magazine Woman as current. In addition, the brand is already known as Chérie FM radio brings together 2.5 million listeners. Again my goal is to have the greatest possible productions.

You always said the Internet was the best friend of the media. What is its weight in NRJ Group?

Face to digital, I have a speech optimist. NRJ applications on smartphones and tablets have participated in the reconquest of listeners. For the first time in its history, the radio will be in the pocket of all the French. For now, digital is only 3 million in sales, but we will gradually better monetize. Our slogan is: "NRJ on air, online, on mobile!"