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This is the surprise of the day for those who do not follow the daily succession of Laurence Parisot1 … Geoffroy Roux de Bézieux2 the boss Omea Telecom (Virgin Mobile France …), topped the vote on Monday the Executive Board of MEDEF the government organization for the election to the presidency. With 19 votes, the former president of the employers' association CroissancePlus3 – which aims to become "spokesman bosses" for three years – a short head ahead of the favorite in the polls and large federations, Pierre Gattaz, President of the Group of Industrial Federations.

The son of the former president of CNPF4, the ancestor of MEDEF, previously enjoyed a good dynamic campaign but was convinced "that" 18 members of the Executive Board (of 45) recommend the 560 the general meeting on July 3 to vote for him. As for Patrick Bernasconi, the former lieutenant Laurence Parisot who negotiated all social arrangements the past five years on behalf of the MEDEF, it has received only six votes on its behalf, a score below that 'he expected, seriously handicapping his chances of winning in a month.

"There was a reflex vote helpful to rebalance the country and led to a duel for the election," says Will is in the camp of Bézieux Roux, whose predictions turn gave their champion in mind. "However, there is a month of the campaign and 48-72 hours are going to be important," still holds a council of former President UNEDIC. The attitude of Patrick Bernasconi will indeed be crucial. Found close to the Red Line Bézieux, many are betting on a future rallying the President of the Federation of Public Works to Stop Pierre Gattaz5 totally free credit score. "It will also depend on when it will withdraw," argues a pro-Roux Bézieux. The two men, who appreciate and often exchange by telephone, have repeatedly discussed closer until their application but stumbled on the order of the "ticket". Monday morning in a radio debate, Patrick Bernasconi6 has also not ruled out to do on the day. Things, at least now are clearer on the order of rallying

. First divisions

If the opinion of the Executive Council relaunched the campaign, it is not provided for a sesame Geoffroy Roux de Bézieux. "The members of the General Assembly are very legitimists and have always followed the choice of the executive board," do we want to believe in the entourage of Geoffroy Roux de Bézieux. The same point the finger of dissension among the first supporters of Pierre Gattaz, because it takes place in the device Denis Kessler, CEO of Scor group, whose personality deeply divided the business world.

Nevertheless, Pierre Gattaz always have the valuable support of the three main federations of MEDEF (metallurgy, insurance, banking …) and many territorial MEDEF (Paca, Rhone-Alpes …) which will be available in hundreds of votes on July 3. Supporters of President of the Group of Industrial Federations also argue that the 45 members of the Executive Board are "very Parisian" and that therefore their vote reflects little one will be the 560 members of the General Assembly. A further argument to be wrong but was not retained when the dam was made in March, Laurence Parisot asking the ability to run for a third term

.

As with fast payday loans, this recently used to be the case, but competitive lenders and higher demand has taken this loan type to mainstay levels.

 

This would be the second single strike at the SNCF since the election of François Hollande. The four organizations representing the public company (CGT, UNSA, SOUTH CFDT) on Friday filed a request for an immediate consultation. A mandatory procedure before filing a notice of strike. However, Les Echos reported that Saturday1, "at the beginning, they had already announced in a joint leaflet an" action all services unit in June 2013. " Which suggests that the strike will be held Thursday, June 13, 2013.

The unions want to denounce the railway reform and problems purchasing power rail can be read on the website of France Info2. The movement would be followed as the previous, say unions, who find that "the malaise goes."

Society and the state are in full reflection to improve the operational efficiency of the French railway system and eliminate its debt. Two reports on the subject were made in April 3: they both offer a return of all the orders of the State SNCF4 cash advance. A bill will be introduced in a few months.

Meanwhile, in March, the company announced that the railway will make between 1.5 and 2 billion in savings over the next five years. Which in addition to a plan to reduce costs of purchasing, IT spending … 700 million by 2015 already announced a few months ago.

An uncertain 2013 for SNCF

For the year 2012, the SNCF has posted "satisfactory" results in his boss Guillaume Pepy, who has renewed his mandat5 at the head of the company railways for five years. In 2012, the turnover of the Group increased by 3% compared with 2011 to € 33.8 billion. Better, its net profit tripled to EUR 383 million. And debt decreased by EUR 1 billion to 7.3 billion.

Nevertheless, the year 2013 will be difficult with large work Ile-de-France that will disrupt the quality of service, the economy still fragile and budget authorities, including those allocated to transport, which still suffer the crisis of public finances in France and Europe.

 

No potentially lucrative sector of the Web can not escape Google1. Net giant announced Wednesday the launch of a service streaming2 music (a subscription to a music library rather than buying securities unit). Google Play Music All Access will be available for a subscription of $ 9.99 per month, first in the United States, and then rapidly in other countries, including France.

To make its offer streaming attractive, Google did not skimp on resources. It would have won agreements with the largest majors, Universal Music, Sony Music and Warner Music. "Millions of songs" are available. Google relies on its ability to recommend content based on users' tastes and manage research to differentiate. With music streaming, Google does more than add another string to its services available in Android (the operating system for smartphones and tablets, including used by Samsung, LG, Sony).

Unmet goals

Group Mountain View 3change totally strategy in music. Until now, he was content to copy Apple's iTunes download service with its securities unit, called Google Play Music. But it has not achieved its objectives in sales, generating only "a few million" dollars in 2012 according to analysts. The U.S. is trying to solve a problem so far, its services on Android does not generate enough revenue. The comparison with Apple performance in the field may be cruel to Google. In the first quarter of 2013, iTunes, App Store 4 (the Apple App store), iBooks … generated over $ 4 billion in revenue. That's four times more than Google Play. This despite the fact that 900 million Android devices have been activated worldwide, against 500 million for Apple. Another concern, Samsung would pull more profits from Android as Google itself, according to the firm Strategy Analytics.

$ 900 action

For Google, it becomes urgent to restore balance. However, the market for online music and especially the streaming is one of the most promising. And it is still under construction. For now, they are "small players" as Pandora5, a kind of Internet radio with more than 200 million users, the Swedish Spotify, which displays 6 million premium subscribers paying out between 5 and 10 dollars per month, or the French Deezer, who clear the market. But the big players arrive. Google has taken the first step, Apple would consider the follow Amazon have a project in the area, according to the Wall Street Journal.6

Buoyed by these ads, Google stock has passed for the first time the threshold of $ 900, up more than 2.5%, to $ 907, while its market capitalization now exceeds $ 300 billion. It is similar to that of Apple, which totaled 408 billion, or 240 billion less than last September, when the action has reached its historical record.

The patriarch of one of the most important families of Italian fashion, Ottavio Missoni, died today at his home in Sumirago in the Lombardy countryside. Born February 7, 1921 in Yugoslavia, this former Olympic athlete – he attended the London Games of 1948 – had co-founded the Missoni home with his wife Rosita, heir to a family of textile industrialists. In the 1950s, the couple away the use of machines to make shawls and created a line of knitwear motley, the famous multicolored zigzags, winning the favor of the press. They set up their factory Sumirago in the late 1960s and soon the small artisan label knits international fame. Missoni is a classic ready-to-wear Italian, develops accessories, fragrances, beachwear, sign line design decorates hotels and multiplies co-brandings (Converse, the American brand Target brand Bugaboo). Their daughter Angela is currently artistic director of fashion. In January, the family had been under the spotlight when the plane carrying the eldest son of Ottavio, Vittorio (General Manager marketing of the house) and his wife had gone off Venezuela1. Ottavio Missoni was 92 years old, he published his memoirs in 2011 in Italian, Paolo Scandaletti under the title A Life on the yarn (Ed. Rizzoli).

 

Director of the Berlin office of the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), political scientist Ulrike Guérot specializes in European issues and connoisseur Franco-German relations.

LE FIGARO. – What is the state of the Franco-German relationship today?

Ulrike Guérot. – There is tension, but it is when the couple quarrel! Do not idealize the past periods, which were not nearly as pink as they say. The creation of the euro was a Seven Years War! We fought and it was constructive. Symbiosis, as in 1 and Merkel Sarkozy was stifling for the rest of Europe. But beware, the Franco-German crisis is constructive if there is a political will to resolve and make a deal that gives air to other countries out

.

Do you break something constructive between Paris and Berlin at the moment?

It is true that at this moment you have to dig far down the tunnel to see the light! The task is enormous. The first emergency, these are the reforms in France. Because France has lost its structural parity with Germany. As a result, it becomes difficult for it to enforce its views. To make its voice heard within the Franco-German couple and Europe, it must be straightened out economically.

To date it when you drop the Franco-German?

Based on macroeconomic data, it dates from 2007. In 2003, France and Germany have all violated the Stability Pact. Germany took the opportunity to make the reforms that are needed. France, she did nothing of the sort.

Germany agrees to give two more years to France to meet the 3% deficit. Berlin he renounces his principles of rigor?

No! It's like a gift that makes Germany to France. It must use this respite of two years to reform and prove that it is a serious country. Since Germany has decided to abandon the D-Mark in 1992, it expected that France wakes embraces the enlargement of the EU, globalization, and launches the debate on the future of Europe, it stopped in 2005 after the "no" to the European Constitution.

Why such a gift to France?

As for Germany, France is a special case. This is not Cyprus2 nor Greece3. Against France, Germany was out of respect. In this crisis, France is "systemic" if it skids financially and economically, it is dangerous for Germany and the rest of the euro zone

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Germany Does not concerned that France take this time to do nothing?

There was this fear. But there is also hope that Holland make reforms, as Mitterrand was able to do in 1982-83. There is no alternative to survive in globalization.

What are the most awaited reforms Berlin today?

Germany expects a new pension reform, the abandonment of 35 hours, a further reform of the labor market, social security and sanitation deficits. It must do all that southern countries of Europe have done. And do not put as a prerequisite for its reforms pooling of eurozone debt! This is France to take the first step today. This is the condition for the revival of Europe. It also requires that Germany do more efforts on domestic demand and wages. This is a reciprocal movement. It should be a summary of a European social contract.

 

Adjusting their domestic help or tutoring in January, although the French found that the bill had risen. The fault lies in the reform of social security contributions plans help home reform passed in late 2012 and effective this year. PS The majority has decided to abolish the words of 'package'. This allowed private employers to pay lower payroll taxes, contributions are still sitting on the level of the minimum wage, even when used at home was paid beyond the minimum wage. He departed from the traditional rule called "the real", which means that contributions after the salary. Approximately one third of households using the services the person was followers of the package. These 700,000 to 800,000 homes now have to pay payroll taxes related to earnings.

However, all are not penalized. Indeed, while removing the package, the government introduced in 2013 a reduction of social charges € 0.75 per hour worked. In other words, he has given with one hand he took the other. But only in part. Because the higher the salary the employee is away from home minimum wage, plus the disappearance of the package is detrimental. "If you pay using less than 8.20 euros net per hour, the reduction of 0,75 euro compensates the end of the package. For higher wages, it is no longer the case, "says Marie-Béatrice Levaux, President FEPEM (Federation of particular employers France). The problem is that many benefits are paid more than 8.20 euros. This is the case of school support services or computer. But also housekeepers and nannies in the large cities. "Ile-de-France, the average salary in-home service is 12 euros net per hour," says Florence Karras, DG specialized site cnickel.com .

Disaster for companies

The simulations are final. According FEPEM a family using a live-in nanny 40 hours per week to 12 hours euros net pay, because of the end of the package, despite the reduction of 0,75 euro and caregivers (provision of services for young children), 65.51 euros per month. Nearly 800 euros per year. Parents paying 18 euros an hour for a teacher their child will be the total bill, including charges, from 24.6 euros to 32.80 euros per hour, according to calculations cnickel.com. Only downside: the repayment of income tax of 50% will halve the extra cost.

Nevertheless, the price increase is likely to be a deterrent. "This will encourage moonlighting. Hours will not be declared and a share of compensation will be paid under the table ", Marie-Béatrice Levaux alert. Not really social progress for the personal … The FEPEM recalled that the last increase in payroll (end of the reduction of 15 points on the real system) has lost 6900 jobs reported in full-time equivalents in 2011.

Companies are minority (4% of the market) in a sector where employment and direct associations dominate. But for those companies that are specialized in providing expensive (typically over) sold with the package, the blow is hard. Especially as some of them also suffer an increase in VAT. "Some of our members are closing branches. It is killing an economic ecosystem, "protested Maxime Aiach, president of the Federation Service to individuals.

For now, most of the benefits of personal services is preserved. The case is limited to the package. 70% of households would not use the package even see the cost of home help lower thanks to the reduction of 0.75 euro. PS and the government has maintained a tax reduction of 50%. "But I'm worried about the future. It is imperative that the majority does not touch the tax reduction, "Marie-Béatrice Levaux alert. Reminder that the sector employs 2.2 million people.

 

Confidential until recently, the market for electronic cigarette is in exponential growth phase. Attracted a much lower price than cigarettes, more smokers turn into "vapoteurs." An e-cigarette is sold between 9 and 11 euros is equivalent to consuming two packs and a half. For comparison, a traditional package of 20 units costing more than 6 euros today.

More than a million French have already tested the electronic cigarette does not contain tobacco. They would even use it daily to 500,000. "We believe it is much more" forward Thierry Morin, in Cigartex. This industry pioneer has sold "more than a million cigarettes" last year in its 6,000 outlets, mostly tobacconists and Relay. Its sales have doubled in 2012, "more than 1.5 million." Edsylver, which sells cigarettes especially on the Internet, posting a turnover of € 4 million in 2011, while the market was in its infancy. Clopinette, another actor who relies heavily on physical shops, was 3 million euros in turnover in 2012.

"The whole cartons imported from China"

With the rise of the market, dozens of companies in recent months looking to take their share. The electronic cigarette market begins to look like a rat race: "I seem to see a new box to create a day and there is little serious," Judge Thierry Morin. "It attracts a lot of opportunists, brokers. Some websites have very professional, but behind it is just one person who brought boxes of China, sometimes very small volumes low fee pay day loans. "

In fact, all the French players in the sector are provided in China. There is no regulation on prices, which can vary from simple to double for an identical product. The possibilities are endless products: cases, USB chargers, packs of refills apple, blueberry or lychee … Cigartex provides even launch a special nightclub cigarette with a blue LED as an end "to it is not confused with a cigarette by the guards. "

The tobacco industry puts

There is no time for high standards of marketing: Each dealer sets its standards, may elect to laboratory tests … Some try for example to distinguish touting flavored liquid made in France.

Actors 'historical' are therefore rather favorably upon an application by the Minister of Health Marisol Touraine. "This should push for normalization requires that since 2007," says Thierry Morin. In Edsylver, Cédric Cukier imagine that the investigation will lead to the sort. Large firms in the tobacco industry could also take care to clean. Many prepare their offensive. Imperial Tobacco, Japan Tobacco or Lorillard Tobacco took stakes in existing companies, while British American Tobacco and Philip Morris are working on their own versions, for 2014 and 2016.

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Next week, the commission Lescure, charged by the Rue de Valois to reinvent the cultural exception, begin a second transfer of hearings with representatives of cultural industries to "test a number of hypotheses." The goal is to refine the proposals for the adaptation of digital culture that will validate the Elysee by the end of April, as révèleLibération. Exercise at high risk given the financial and political stakes. At the heart of the matter, is the future of Hadopi, responsible for the fight against Internet piracy. If it is assumed that the institution will not survive, some of its powers remain. It is a device to alleviate considered too heavy and repressive. Educational mission that has proven its effectiveness should continue.

However, the punitive aspect should be lowered. No question of suspending subscriptions Internet as the ultimate sanction provided by Hadopi. In alternative, the Commission Lescure propose to establish penalties for unscrupulous users. These fines would be used with great caution by the judge, given the legal issues raised by this type of sanction (verifying the identity of the offender, challenged the offense) and cost (covering device).

Involve Google

Finally, some members of the committee, encouraged by the government, would like to get more involved major players in the Net, including search engines, like Google, in the fight against piracy. Wary, some observers point out that it is difficult to impose anything on them: "It is a magisterial influence," says one.  

However, in its Thursday edition, the British newspaper leTelegrapha relayed Google will cut referencing illegal sites and those who do not respect the right of companies because, for example, registration in tax havens.

The commission also Lescure board on the issue "legal tender". This has two aspects. On the one hand, the easing of media chronology in case "very limited." The goal is to accelerate the provision of cinematographic and audiovisual works for users. The movie may be available on legal sites simultaneously with their release. For the American series, it would at the same time as they are broadcast on television screens. On the other hand, the government will also require the commission Lescure that are found technical solutions to bring new players in the circle of funding creation. But providers already consider paying for content without gaining anything in return.

Remains the thorny issue of private copying (electronic charge on donated content creators). The government wants to reform the system. And why not replace it with a tax on connected devices. But in this case, the money will go into the coffers of the state and the creation is not safe to see color.

 

In times of crisis, the evaluation of employees may turn to the puzzle. Means available to managers are reduced to a trickle: training budget and increases down, freeze internal mobility, generating complex reorganizations in some companies a climate of mistrust … "Assess serenity is more difficult," says Sylvie Brunet, a member of the National Association of HRD (ANDRH) and Director of Social Affairs at Onet.

However, the evaluation issue is still crucial for companies seeking to maintain their results and re-engage their employees. "In companies that go wrong, maintenance is even more important: even if the room for maneuver is limited, this is one of the rare moments when it is possible to explain the meaning of the corporate strategy , to the pedagogy, "she adds.

Listening, the ability to bounce

Crisis requires, means companies are more focused on high-potential employees, they can not afford to lose. Especially when they reorganize, they seek to avoid the best to leave. If 85% of the French employers have reduced or froze their training expenses, according to Accenture, half consider themselves alongside a shortage of talent.

SHL, one of the leaders of the evaluation activity for employees is rising, while focusing on recruitment has completely collapsed. "The talent identification goes a long way to the top of the organization. Today, it also applies to managers and executives. This is a direct consequence of the crisis, "said Stéphane Amiot, director of SHL France and Belgium. Programs targeting sales forces are by far the most requested. "The successful business in times of crisis have qualities – listening, the ability to bounce example – the company wants to encourage," says Stéphane Amiot.

The use of premium

The observation applies not only to commercial. The crisis is more amenable to behavioral assessment, alongside results alone, on which the employee has less grip. "Since 2008-2009, behavioral skills, such as creativity, the ability to communicate or take advantage of a situation, are more prevalent in the evaluation grid," says Jocelyne Ientile-Yalenios, lecturer at EM Strasbourg.

This does not prevent some companies to tighten their requirements in parallel on the achievement of objectives. "The crisis has accelerated the use of premium, strengthened links between performance and variable compensation," says David Guillocheau, managing partner in the consulting firm HR Talentys. The notation is also applied more severe. Illustrated by the example of Atos, which recently considered its employees too highly rated.

So that the evaluation is becoming stressor. "Before the crisis, we were mostly asked to accompany its implementation. But since it occurs mainly because it goes wrong, says Anne-Florence Beauvois, director of Sextant Council, which accompanies the HSC. The interview is not so much an opportunity to talk with his manager that employees plébiscitaient, a way to sort the employees based on their performance. "With the key, sometimes the prospect of layoffs.

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The government would undertake a new pension reform faster than expected. According to the World, this major reform could take place in 2013. It is not finally postponed to 2014, as previously announced by the Government. "We thought postpone until next year, but we will be forced to accelerate our schedule," says a source of daily Matignon. "It would be difficult not to give signs before the conference social July." Questioned on this Friday, the Prime Minister simply stated that it was the origin of the article in Le Monde, without formally refute this calendar. "The government, in time, take full responsibility," it is simply to explain.  

Advancing the implementation of this reform, the government hopes to reassure including Brussels, France's European partners and markets, while growth proves weaker than expected. According to the European Commission, France should therefore miss its target of reducing the public deficit to 3% of GDP in 2013.

Retirees made contributions

To carry out the reform, the government should build on ongoing negotiations between the social partners, which aims to save the pension complementary frameworks (Agirc) and employees (Arco) business card. There is also emergency financial reserves will be exhausted in effect the next 5 to 7 years. On this issue, the social partners are moving towards indexation partial and temporary retirement pensions, which could inspire the government in its reform of the general scheme. The idea of ​​management, which does not seem to alienate unions would cease to adjust annually the level of pensions exactly the amount of inflation. For several years, a point differential could be accepted.

"If the unions agree to supplementary pensions, we are tempted to inspire us," says an adviser to the World. In September, the Court of Auditors had criticized in his annual report, the tax benefits enjoyed by retirees, and found their standard of living higher than 15% of assets. The government might be all the more tempted to make that contribution assets were most requested by Woerth reform. To get the pill for retirees, "consideration" could be granted in respect of the financing of addiction, anxiety for this age group. The government should juggle the two reforms in 2013.