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The French go to the office backwards. Almost 40% of them have seen their work motivation1 decline this year, according to the annual survey Edenred-Ipsos2 *. They are more demoralized their Italian neighbors (35%) and Spain (32%), yet most affected by unemployment, and much more demotivated than Germans (22%), Belgium (27%) and British (27% ). This decrease was primarily due to moral pessimism about their ability to change, frustration vis-à-vis their rémunération3 and feel that their work is not recognized within the company.

Dissatisfaction especially resented the French employees' level of significant affect, including a sense of involvement in the work, "the study notes. This is not the case of the British, "more opportunistic," which show "relatively more distant towards their work" or Germans and Belgians, evolving "in a contractual environment" feed also lower expectations vis-à-vis their superiors.

While the rate of unemployment4 reached 10.9% in the European Union, European workers are more concerned towards employment5 in 2012. Note that across the Rhine, where the unemployment rate is only 5.4%, this fear has also jumped (over 15 points a year). In France, as in the United Kingdom, however, employees are more concerned about their wage level by maintaining their position. Overall, Europeans, with the exception of the Italians, are less satisfied with their work situation 6THE last year. So much so that more Germans (7 points), Belgians (two points), Britons (two points) and Spain (+ 2 points) find that they spend too much time at work Low fee payday loans.

Loyalty to the employer "default"

Still, in the current economic context, Europeans tend to want to stay chaud7. According to the barometer, 58% of French workers say they do not think of leaving their entreprise8, this proportion reached 60% in Germany and 66% in Belgium. "Mobility is associated with risk-taking, this loyalty to the employer are especially default," the study said. It is a "carrier of frustration" and, ultimately, the effectiveness of the company 9est in. Hence the importance of the morale of the troops.  

Failing to play on the lever pay, companies should "develop active policies targeted towards employees, particularly in the two key areas of the welfare work.10 and professional development," says Antoine Solom, Director International Ipsos Loyalty. Well-being, according to the study, mostly through the recognition of the Latin countries, and the Anglo-Saxon rather than by financial incentives for the …

* The eighth edition of the barometer Edenred-Ipsos on the well-being and motivation of employees in Europe focuses on the employee population of six countries: Germany, Belgium, Spain, France, Italy and the United Kingdom. This on-line survey was conducted among a sample of 7,200 people between 18 February and 15 March 2013.

Red card for the College of Pharmacists and the state. The Court of Auditors, in référé1 published on Tuesday denounced the "inertia" of the state who lack a framework for the College of Pharmacists in particular in "litigation and disciplines." In short, side control and sanctions pharmacies in violation. To such an extent that "the disciplinary role of the order is weakening." Some regional councils of the order of pharmacists and record "almost none" complaint. No wonder, because the number of controlled drug was almost halved between 2007 and 2009. In short, drug stores2 today is no longer controlled on average every 27 years!

The situation has worsened since 2009 and the creation of regional health agencies (ARS), relays the Ministry of Health in the regions, the Court noted. The 133 inspectors pharmacists working for ARS are actually allocate that … 27% of their time working the controls. Involved? The ARS affect other missions, mainly administrative, which have nothing to do with their heart business. The order is therefore not the only culprit. To remedy the situation, the judges demanded "a rigorous management controls" by the State, "in terms of public health risks as cost for health insurance guaranteed payday loan."

"Passivity administration"

"Passivity of the government" on the other hand could be costly to the College of Pharmacists. Not having been warned in time to a change in legislation in the biomedical field, the College may have to pay a fine of 5 million from the European Commission. This failure of 2007, sliding in response the Ministry of Social Affairs. Perhaps, but this is just the beginning: "This litigation, should it be lost, could expose the College to requests for damages amounting to tens of millions of euros."

The College of Pharmacists also benefits at the margin, the inertia of the state. Indeed, it does not solve all the payroll taxes it should. And the administration did not press him to claim. If the order was paid from 2010 to the CSG and CRDS on compensation paid to its members, the contributions on wages had not been paid between 2009 and 2012. In its response to the Court of Auditors, the Ministry of Social Affairs promises Urssaf will recover the monies owed if they are not resolved quickly.

A first step. Friday evening, the Cypriot Parliament adopted the first steps of Plan B, which must avoid the collapse of the economy of the island. If the tax on bank deposits, point of contention between Brussels and Nicosia, has not yet been adopted, the Parliament voted to restructure the banking system.

The two major banks and will turn into "bad banks", deposits and house the more than one hundred thousand euros and loans at risk. "Good bank" will be created in parallel, in the ocurrence National Bank of Cyprus, or be based deposits of less than one hundred thousand euros and non-risky loans. The second measure adopted for the freezing of funds. Requested by Brussels, it aims to prevent a massive flight of capital to the banks reopened Tuesday. The debates in Parliament are currently suspended until further notice.

Saturday afternoon, Nikos Anastasiades, the Cypriot president and the leaders of political parties in the country will travel to Brussels to negotiate with European partners. A council of the Eurogroup Meeting will be held late Sunday afternoon, in the presence of Christine Lagarde, IMF Managing Director. On the table, the thorny issue of the tax credit, unanimously rejected by MEPs on Tuesday. This time, it would be to cut 15% to 25% deposit of more than 100,000 euros. The political class remains divided on the subject, but will answer to the dilemma of saving or capital of the country by Monday.  

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Its massive silhouette left Thursday Saint-Nazaire, the port construction. With its 333 meters long, the "MSC Preziosa" is the largest cruise ship ordered by a European ship owner. After two years of construction, the vessel is the fourth vessel of a size comparable to the Italian-Swiss company MSC Cruises and the twelfth of its fleet.

"We need this size of boat to continue to offer a true holiday experience, says Erminio Eschena, CEO of MSC Cruises France, Belgium and Luxembourg. It is to respond to the heterogeneity of the public with a variety of equipment. "

Of ever larger vessels

In recent years, the owners engage in a race with ever larger vessels multiplying the range of leisure on board. While in the early 2000s, the average capacity was around 2000 passengers, she quickly rose to 3000 and now exceeds 4,000 people. The sinking of the Concordia, which sparked debates about the gigantic ship, nothing changed. The future flagship of Costa Cruises, the "Diadema" will welcome 5,000 passengers in 2014.

The formula seems to work. According to the International Association of cruise (Clia), the number of cruise French rose 9% in 2012 to 481,000 passengers pass when the European market grew by only 1%. France from the very late: the market occupies the fifth place in Europe, behind Great Britain and Germany. "It is rather a good figure considering the economic and market maintains a strong development capacity," said Georges Azouze, President of the French Association of cruise lines.

Good value for money

"With these large ships, the sector has benefited from a sharp drop in average ticket price has fallen by almost 30% over the last five years," said Didier Arino, director of consulting firm Protourisme. According to him, the quality / price ratio has progressed to the cruise vacation mode as an alternative, accessible to the greatest number.

Where upscale cruises on smaller ships often exceed 2000 euros per passenger, the tariff on these mégapaquebots which represent the vast majority of the offers may drop to 700 euros per week all inclusive, and even less with promotions.

Finally, the impact of the accident Concordia was more limited than expected. At MSC Cruises, it is estimated that the disaster had "no commercial consequence" while the side of Costa Cruises European leader recognizes that the tragedy has broken strong dynamics while adding, without elaborating, that the figure Business 2012 is in progress.

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Seen from Europe, it is still a great performance. Canada ends 2012 on a GDP growth of 1.8%, but shows a sharp slowdown at the end of the year. In the last quarter, GDP grew by only 0.2% compared to the previous three months. Above all, it shows a worse performance than its big brother U.S. (+2.2% in 2012), while in recent years, it is rather the Canadian economy that held the rope.

In fact, the country is a model at European level, that of a well-run country, which has imposed a diet and the necessary reforms in the 1990s. It has not been the financial storm of 2008 with the same intensity as the United States, thanks to the strength and the wisdom of its banks. Subprime loans have never weighed more than 5% of appropriations. Another asset of the country rich in natural resources, mining, oil and gas, has benefited from the surge in commodity prices, boosted by Chinese demand. Where exports account for nearly 35% of GDP.

Sharp increase in household debt

Nevertheless, after a few years at full speed also made by consumer spending, the engine is now Canadian landing. "In 2012, there is a double impact of a decline in public investment of 5.6% and a lower business investment, especially in the productive sector, which suffers from a lower external demand and a lack productivity, "Inna Mufteeva analysis, economist at Natixis. Added to this are the measures taken by the authorities to reduce household debt has reached crisis level. In ten years, it has increased by 50% to 150% of disposable income, and exceeds that of Americans.

As for interest rates very low, improvement of the labor market, which has quickly regained its pre-crisis level with an unemployment rate of 7.3% and banks less frowning on the Granting loans, real estate loans have increased significantly. They now represent 64% of total debt. Moreover, because of their exposure to the property sector, Moody's and Standard and Poor's have downgraded the bank. The spectrum of a real estate bubble fueled by rising prices in recent years concern the central bank and the government, which has notably reduced the life of the loan. "The risks are concentrated in major cities of Toronto and Vancouver," relativizes Christopher Ragan, an economist at McGill University.

Controversial pipeline

This raises another expert structural fragility of the country, economic interests which differ between provinces. When the highly industrial Ontario depends mainly on exports in the productive sector – which has suffered in recent months the Canadian dollar – Alberta rich in raw materials instead saw its oil sands.

This key sector of the energy, the challenge in the medium and long term will increase exports, constraints today by congestion problems. Canada would develop new pipelines to the United States but also to grant access on the Pacific coast. But these projects, including Keystone, which must reach Texas, are highly controversial for environmental reasons.

Problem of the rich, say the most optimistic. Canada sits on solid financial fundamentals, with a public debt of 35% of GDP and a small deficit in 2012 to 1.5% of GDP. What restart the machine if necessary.

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In times of crisis, the evaluation of employees may turn to the puzzle. Means available to managers are reduced to a trickle: training budget and increases down, freeze internal mobility, generating complex reorganizations in some companies a climate of mistrust … "Assess serenity is more difficult," says Sylvie Brunet, a member of the National Association of HRD (ANDRH) and Director of Social Affairs at Onet.

However, the evaluation issue is still crucial for companies seeking to maintain their results and re-engage their employees. "In companies that go wrong, maintenance is even more important: even if the room for maneuver is limited, this is one of the rare moments when it is possible to explain the meaning of the corporate strategy , to the pedagogy, "she adds.

Listening, the ability to bounce

Crisis requires, means companies are more focused on high-potential employees, they can not afford to lose. Especially when they reorganize, they seek to avoid the best to leave. If 85% of the French employers have reduced or froze their training expenses, according to Accenture, half consider themselves alongside a shortage of talent.

SHL, one of the leaders of the evaluation activity for employees is rising, while focusing on recruitment has completely collapsed. "The talent identification goes a long way to the top of the organization. Today, it also applies to managers and executives. This is a direct consequence of the crisis, "said Stéphane Amiot, director of SHL France and Belgium. Programs targeting sales forces are by far the most requested. "The successful business in times of crisis have qualities – listening, the ability to bounce example – the company wants to encourage," says Stéphane Amiot.

The use of premium

The observation applies not only to commercial. The crisis is more amenable to behavioral assessment, alongside results alone, on which the employee has less grip. "Since 2008-2009, behavioral skills, such as creativity, the ability to communicate or take advantage of a situation, are more prevalent in the evaluation grid," says Jocelyne Ientile-Yalenios, lecturer at EM Strasbourg.

This does not prevent some companies to tighten their requirements in parallel on the achievement of objectives. "The crisis has accelerated the use of premium, strengthened links between performance and variable compensation," says David Guillocheau, managing partner in the consulting firm HR Talentys. The notation is also applied more severe. Illustrated by the example of Atos, which recently considered its employees too highly rated.

So that the evaluation is becoming stressor. "Before the crisis, we were mostly asked to accompany its implementation. But since it occurs mainly because it goes wrong, says Anne-Florence Beauvois, director of Sextant Council, which accompanies the HSC. The interview is not so much an opportunity to talk with his manager that employees plébiscitaient, a way to sort the employees based on their performance. "With the key, sometimes the prospect of layoffs.

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This may be the awareness it takes to François Hollande … According to a study conducted Cecop-CSA for the Circle of investors, two in three French say they are worried about their retirement. Up ten points since 2011. But above attitudes have evolved. While 30% of French people considered "necessary" three years ago to back up to 65 years term the statutory retirement age, 60% are now convinced. A small majority left (52%) is even favorable – that is to say there changes had on the subject. In addition, two-thirds of employees over 50 years in favor of this reform. "As the need is proposed to ten years, many people think to escape," qualify the authors of the study.

The decline in age is in any case far – with another pension calculation on the entire career (and not on the twenty-five best years in the private or the last six months in the public service) – considered as the most "acceptable" by a majority. Please pass it more than 43 years of contributions (41.5 today) to qualify for a full pension and taking into account life expectancy (which disadvantage women) in calculations. Are spread a further increase contributions and especially lower pensions easy to get unsecured personal loans.

"Everything is open"

Pension reform is one of the challenges of 2013, the need for funding has been estimated in December 2020 to 25 billion. An ad hoc committee, a dozen wise, will be installed in the second half of February to make recommendations before the end of June His work as a basis for dialogue that the government will launch at the conference Social July.

"Everything is open, it says at Matignon. There will be a parametric reform to balance diets and pose perhaps the foundation for systemic reform forward. "Najat Belkacem-Vallaud, the government spokesman who had certified a week ago that the transition to a regime by points suffice, may therefore be disallowed. "She spoke a little too quickly," says a close friend of Prime Minister convinced that indexation of pensions, which reflects Jerome Cahuzac, the budget minister, will not either.

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The Belgian press had already revealed last September that Bernard Arnault was created in late 2008 a foundation in Belgium, called Protectinvest in order to prepare his succession. We now know more about the installation developed by Emperor luxury.

December 7, 2011, the billionaire has transferred 31% of the share capital of Groupe Arnault – the holding company that owns interests of the family, including the one that assures control of LVMH – the Belgian Pilinvest said Thursday liberation. The usufruct of 48.5% owned by Groupe Arnault her five children in bare ownership was also housed in Pilinvest. It is indeed, said the entourage of the CEO of LVMH, to "ensure the continuity and integrity of the group in case of accidental death," and in particular to avoid that one or the other heirs unilaterally decides to sell its shares.

No tool comparable legal in France

In this case, the shares tendered to Pilinvest be transferred to the foundation Protectinvest, which would retain until 2023, by which time the last of five children of Bernard Arnault, born to two weddings will take 25 years. It is only at this point that all the descendants of Bernard Arnault may freely dispose of their shares. The "regency" says Liberation is meanwhile assured by a "committee of wise men" of three persons, chaired by former Minister of Economy and current CEO of Atos Origin, Thierry Breton.  

Belgian foundations can also make donations to his children, taxed at only 3%. But to benefit, should that Bernard Arnault and his heirs are Belgian tax residents. Or, "I am and remain fiscally domiciled in France," he declared in September. His entourage ensures that this device has no reason tax that the estate will be settled in France and there pay his inheritance. The only reason for this arrangement is that there is no tool in France comparable legal foundations Belgian says spokesman Bernard Arnault.

This information, however, may revive the controversy around the first fortune in France, including the request of the Franco-Belgian dual nationality is also still under investigation.

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Angela Merkel does not lace with Cyprus, which has been negotiating since June financial rescue. Chancellor was visiting the island Friday, not as head of government but as a member of the European People's Party (EPP) came to support openly, with twenty leaders of the Old Continent, the right candidate Nicos Anastasiades, given favorite in the presidential election of 17 February.

"Cyprus should go ahead with its obligations and economic reforms," ​​said the German chancellor. Merkel added that using an expected time for the Eurogroup on 21 January, will "not be decided immediately." To bail out its banks very exposed to the Greek crisis, and help refinance its debt, aid is estimated at 17 billion euros over four years, more than the annual GDP of a small island in the euro area No teletrack payday loans.  

The outgoing president, Demetris Christofias the communist who does not represent, launched reforms to reduce public spending. But it is hostile to privatization, desired by the troika (EU, European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund). EPP leaders gathered Friday in Limassol expect more of his successor.

Angela Merkel has also stirred the carrot promising to Cyprus' solidarity of other European countries. " Time is running out for Nicosia barely pay its employees. Wednesday evening, the rating agency Moody's lowered the rating by three notches Cyprus to Caa3, pushing further the island in the speculative category. The risk of default increases, Moody's warned.

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Is this the result of some media trivia drama? In one year, the look that parents are on the Internet, especially social networks, is clearly tinged with anxiety.

At the heart of concerns, Facebook, the most popular social networks. It is used by 57% of 9-16 year olds and 80% of 13-16 years, according to a study by the American company Trend Micro security expert cloud. Her children spend an average of one hour per week for the youngest of them, and more than three hours for over 13 years. And, despite a growing concern: 79% of parents and 59% of children consider Facebook "dangerous."  

If fathers and mothers are always worried that their young become friends with adults who pretend to be children, ie they are in contact with pedophiles, adults are also more likely to fear that their children being harassed by other children. "If young people are ruthless them in the real world, this feeling is exacerbated on the Net where inhibitions are lifted," said Damase Tricart, European Marketing Director of Trend Micro.

Parental control bit used

Parents do not, however, remain inactive face their fears. They are more numerous (over a third) set themselves to the Facebook account of their children, especially in order to limit the people with whom they can contact.

Children aware of the "dangers" of the Net, also accepted more easily than their parents are "friends" with them on Facebook. "However, young people continue to engage real competition to see who has the most friends on Facebook, noted Damase Tricart. Which leads sometimes to accept anyone as a friend. The need to inform and explain the risks involved are real. "

In addition, children are more often observers actors on social networks. Their first activity on Facebook is watching what their friends, then they seek their friends and photos and finally they put online information or photos.

In contrast, parental control devices that can be bought, usually with a virus, are actually quite rarely used. The changing patterns of Internet access also reduces the possibility of direct control of parents. There are still two years, web access is made mostly from the PC, which could be installed in a room "common".

Now, more than 20% of young people have their own access to the Internet via a smartphone or tablet. To complicate matters, these terminals are inherently mobile, it becomes even more difficult for parents to monitor their children's use.  

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