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The French go to the office backwards. Almost 40% of them have seen their work motivation1 decline this year, according to the annual survey Edenred-Ipsos2 *. They are more demoralized their Italian neighbors (35%) and Spain (32%), yet most affected by unemployment, and much more demotivated than Germans (22%), Belgium (27%) and British (27% ). This decrease was primarily due to moral pessimism about their ability to change, frustration vis-à-vis their rémunération3 and feel that their work is not recognized within the company.

Dissatisfaction especially resented the French employees' level of significant affect, including a sense of involvement in the work, "the study notes. This is not the case of the British, "more opportunistic," which show "relatively more distant towards their work" or Germans and Belgians, evolving "in a contractual environment" feed also lower expectations vis-à-vis their superiors.

While the rate of unemployment4 reached 10.9% in the European Union, European workers are more concerned towards employment5 in 2012. Note that across the Rhine, where the unemployment rate is only 5.4%, this fear has also jumped (over 15 points a year). In France, as in the United Kingdom, however, employees are more concerned about their wage level by maintaining their position. Overall, Europeans, with the exception of the Italians, are less satisfied with their work situation 6THE last year. So much so that more Germans (7 points), Belgians (two points), Britons (two points) and Spain (+ 2 points) find that they spend too much time at work Low fee payday loans.

Loyalty to the employer "default"

Still, in the current economic context, Europeans tend to want to stay chaud7. According to the barometer, 58% of French workers say they do not think of leaving their entreprise8, this proportion reached 60% in Germany and 66% in Belgium. "Mobility is associated with risk-taking, this loyalty to the employer are especially default," the study said. It is a "carrier of frustration" and, ultimately, the effectiveness of the company 9est in. Hence the importance of the morale of the troops.  

Failing to play on the lever pay, companies should "develop active policies targeted towards employees, particularly in the two key areas of the welfare work.10 and professional development," says Antoine Solom, Director International Ipsos Loyalty. Well-being, according to the study, mostly through the recognition of the Latin countries, and the Anglo-Saxon rather than by financial incentives for the …

* The eighth edition of the barometer Edenred-Ipsos on the well-being and motivation of employees in Europe focuses on the employee population of six countries: Germany, Belgium, Spain, France, Italy and the United Kingdom. This on-line survey was conducted among a sample of 7,200 people between 18 February and 15 March 2013.

The budget equation of the government, which was already not easy, still a little complicated. The Budget Ministry announced Friday that the government deficit stood late April to 66.8 billion against 59.9 billion in late April 2012. This gap technical explanations that Bercy is careful to remember: he would first collection in early 2012 of 2.6 billion euros in revenues from the licensing of mobile 4G, perception, by definition, will not happen in 2014, the capital increase of the European investment1 Bank (EIB) for $ 1.6 billion, then, to the endowment of 3.3 billion European Stability Mechanism (MES2), finally.

Beyond these elements exceptional, damage also due to the "low tax revenues, 'the services of Bernard Cazeneuve3. A more worrying because structural element. The economic downturn of the early slowed tax revenue. In the first four months of the year, they are virtually unchanged from the same period in 2012 (90.8 billion against $ 91 billion in 2012). In detail, the income tax receipts are the only progress in a year: 11%. Unlike those of VAT, which account for half of government revenues, decreased by 2.3% – in line with the slowdown in household consumption – those of corporate tax of 5 8% and the domestic consumption tax on energy products, by 6.1%.

"The overall trend of net tax revenue has a bear hazard compared with the forecasts presented in the stability program, debated in Parliament in mid-April," admits the Budget Ministry, speaking of "sluggishness of VAT revenue and domestic tax on energy products. "

Only on VAT revenue if the shift "is maintained throughout the year, the deficit compared to the initial target would be $ 10.8 billion, or half a percentage point of GDP," has calculated COE -Rexecode. 

Expenditure savings

Figures released yesterday confirm, if necessary again that France had so much need of the two-year period granted by the European Commission4. In fact, the initial commitments of the government deficit – to fall below 3% of GDP – based on the assumption of a budget balance reduced to 62.3 billion end of 2013 (end of 2012 against 87.1 billion). A balance that would never have been reached

.

Now the executive expects a deficit of 3.7% of GDP this year. And for the rest, it is no longer compulsory levies which will enable it to meet its commitments. "After wearing mostly stress on revenue increases in 2012 and 2013, the government will focus on the adjustment of public spending savings," promises the government in its stability program.

With these new prévisions1 could not be more bleak for 2013 and 2014, the renegotiation of the UI convention to be held at the end of the year looks complex. The stakes are high: it will not be to plug an economic hole – the deficit will reach 5.6 billion UNEDIC end of 2014, a record year on year – but to curb bleeding endless with cumulative deficit of more than $ 24 billion on that date. The equivalent of the Ministry of Research annual budget!

And for good reason: social partners, negotiating every three years the conditions for unemployment benefits, do not agree on remedies to be made. The unions do not want to revolutionize the rules, and in particular the principle of "one day paid a compensation day" established in 2009 and the opening from 4 months contribution of the right to be compensated. All, without exception, consider the return to growth will be sufficient to bring forward the accounts in the green. "The finances of UNEDIC are highly reactive to any downturn," says an official of the regime. But a turnaround is not expected until 2017 at best

.

The government – which transposes into law the agreement the social partners reach – does not intend to endorse a drastic reform of compensation, while the number of unemployed explodes (300,000 + in a year). Politically too dangerous, especially for a Socialist executive already criticized by the left wing.

After Tuesday night, the preparatory meeting with the social partners in the social conference in late June, Jean-Marc Ayrault2 has also said that one of the issues in the negotiations would "know collectively address situations such as the purpose of law. " 750,000 unemployed or those who find themselves deprived of compensation each year and tipped into the social minimum. In short, the opposite of a drastic reform to rebalance accounts permanently in the red.

Too generous system

Employers is not all on the same wavelength. Considering the system too généreux3 (up to 6200 euros monthly income and 36 months of allocation), employers want instead revisit in depth the conditions of compensation, including restoring a gradual reduction of benefits to encourage the unemployed to take more a job quickly. All candidates for president of MEDEF – co-chair, alternating with the CFDT, UNEDIC – point in that direction. Geoffroy Roux de Bézieux4, president of UNEDIC for two years on behalf of the MEDEF, and Pierre Gattaz5, the two favorites, and want to limit the amount of 2000 euros monthly allowance and a full year benefit period. A casus belli for the unions … Their goal is to correct two annexes structurally in the red: the intermittent and technicians show (1 billion deficit each year) and the less well-known cross-border ($ 1.5 billion). Again, red cloths for trade unions (with the exception of the CFDT), but also for the government, which has repeatedly affirmed its commitment to these annexes expensive

.

Nearly a year after the bankruptcy of Smooth1, the former giant poultry is at a turning point in its history. He presents this Tuesday afternoon a first draft of its continuation plan before the Commercial Court of Quimper. A hearing at which court administrators should request an extension of six months of the observation period and, especially, to announce the arrival of a new strong man in the capital, alongside the Sweet family.

According to several sources, this financial-like white knight could be Didier Calmels, specialist business turnaround, through his personal holding Development & Partnership. The businessman, who was at the origin of the brand's recovery Tanner and rebirth in Alpine Renault competition redeem for tens of millions of euros of debt Barclays2 bank first Sweet creditor who ultimately chose to leave the group volailler. He would take two thirds of the capital, the Sweet family and BNP Paribas retaining a third party. The entrance to the capital of Saudi al-Munajem, historical customer Soft, is still part of the assumptions paydayloan. The group's debt would be reduced to € 340 million (a year ago) to 120 million.

With this new round, the group, which is planning an exit from bankruptcy in the fall, now sees the future with serenity found. Refocused on exports and developed pole (Arch Hotel) Soft – again profitable – should make 560 million euros in sales in 2013. It has a stable cash around fifteen million. At the head of 2,200 people, the Group relies on a new team, a symbol of generational change. Exit the founder, Charles. The group is now led by his son Jean-Charles Doux3, president, and Arnaud Marion, CEO, the man in the shadows. It was he who was the architect of recovery alongside administrators and the new social dialogue. The task was daunting. In assessing the cost center, the band broke up a thousand people. Sweet, who will present by the summer a plan to ten years, now hopes its former grandeur.

One hundred and sixty-five years after the abolition of eclavage, the Representative Council of Black Associations (Cran1) demand accounts Caisse des Depots (CDC). On the occasion of the Day of Commemoration of the Abolition of Slavery, the Cran announced Monday that it will file a writ of summons to the CDC and two of its subsidiaries. At issue: the sums paid by Haiti in exchange for its independence, the CDC has collected for years. "The CDC is complicit in a crime against humanity," and said Louis-Georges Tin, the president of Cran, accusing the state bank to have played "a significant role in slavery."

Campaign more comprehensive repair

The case dates back to the nineteenth century, when Haïti2 gained its independence against the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte (1804). About fifteen years later, France agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the island by drying a financial toll to compensate its settlers. From 1825 to 1946, Haiti is paying "amounts equivalent to $ 21 billion," according to Louis-Georges Tin, according to which "the ransom in Haiti precipitate a downward spiral of instability and poverty." CDC, public financial institution created under Napoleon, then in charge of collecting these benefits. The director of Cran therefore hope that this money be returned to the Haitian people. Counsel for the Board, Mr. Norbert Tricaud, intends to apply to the CDC "to abound by at least 10 million endowment fund to finance research" on slavery. Friday, it was returned to the Treasury, which collects money paid to the CDC after 30 years. "Legally, the amounts are recorded in the Deposit shall be refunded to the Treasury after 30 years," a spokesman insisted.

The action taken by the Representative Council of Black Associations is part of a more comprehensive approach to reparations, which could then be extended to private banks or sugar groups no faxing 1 hour payday loans. "If we do this assignment is to contribute to the debate," said the lawyer Norbert Tricaud, rejecting any desire for revenge. In January, Cran, created in 2005 to "fight against the discrimination faced by black people in France," had supported a descendant of slaves who wished to assign the state to court to obtain compensation for the damage caused by the control of a grandfather. A first in France. At present, however, the assignment has not been filed.  

An Ifop poll commissioned by the Cran says that 63% of people overseas departments are in favor of repairs, "whether moral or financial." "Without a political solution, we conduct the debate on the legal," said the president of Cran, although its position is not shared by all the descendants of slaves.

The "can not repair" according to Holland

François Hollande3 however implicitly imposed a fine of not receiving requests from Cran. In a commemorative speech on Friday, the president spoke of "the impossible repair." "The only choice, the most worthy, the largest, is the memory, alertness and transmission," he said. Jean-François Copé4, president of the UMP, said on RTL radio that it was "difficult to speak of material compensation" of slavery as "so many centuries have passed," but "in contrast, duty of memory is essential. "

"Any crime called repair, and when the repair is denied is that denies that there was truly crime. We need a comprehensive repair: moral, cultural, financial, symbolic, material, "responded Louis-Georges Tin.

Cyprus and its donors have pulled in the night an agreement to avert immediate bankruptcy of the island, with EU support. But this rescue, acquired after fourteen hours of tense exchanges, results in the closure of Laiki the second bank, and a net loss estimated at between 30 and 40% for the largest depositors of the first institution, Cyprus Bank.

On paper, the Cypriots will escape the tax from 6.75 to 9.9% Eurogroup had promised them ten days ago on all bank accounts. In fact, the agreement submitted in the night to the final approval of the Eurogroup may cost much more to larger depositors, individuals, companies and non-residents, including Russians. Laiki will be immediately liquidated and they risk losing everything that exceeds 100,000 euros guaranteed by EU legislation.  

Cyprus Bank will be degreased and sharply reduced its balance sheet, with a proportional discount on deposits in excess of the limit of coverage. In both cases, these management measures that do not require approval of the parliament in Nicosia, unlike the tax originally envisaged. The two banks together represent about 80% of the island's financial system.

The outcome of the standoff, hired a week ago, however, allows both sides to claim a success. Nicos Anastasiades, newly elected President of Cyprus, avoid bankruptcy and can claim he has withdrawn his country to a tax spectacularly rejected by parliament in Nicosia. Europe, meanwhile, managed to keep the common currency in Cyprus and deny himself starve, as envisioned by the ECB.

"The best agreement can be reached," according to Lagarde

Christine Lagarde, Director General of the International Monetary Fund, described the agreement "as the best that can be achieved from facing challenges more complicated." The Eurogroup has given the green light for financial assistance. But its president, Dutchman Jeroen Dijssebloem said during a press conference concluding a meeting of the Eurogroup that the amount of aid donors (European Union and International Monetary Fund) is unchanged and 's' amount to 10 billion euros. "

The outcome was precipitated by an emergency appointment seventeen finance ministers in Brussels on Sunday evening. Sign of initial tensions, the meeting began in the middle of the night, with more than six hours late. In fact, this is a camera prior to reduced staff, with Anastasiades President, Herman Van Rompuy, José Manuel Barroso, Christine Lagarde (IMF) and Mario Draghi (ECB) has the breakthrough.

In the last hours, the leaders of Nicosia had ended up, after a long denial of the danger. "The goal is to save the Cypriot economy and avoid a debt default uncontrollable effects," acknowledged Cypriot President upon his arrival Brussels. The price of a rough exchange the Executive Director of the IMF, the President got the Cyprus Bank is not liquidated as Laiki, but kept alive and restructured. To achieve this, Nicos Anastasiades was up to his resignation in the balance. Once the compromise torn in small groups, the seventeen ministers of the Eurogroup have countersigned and set the details. "The immediate future looks difficult for Cypriots," warned Olli Rehn, "Mr. Euro "of the European Commission.

Remains a bitter pill to impose a government just installed a Parliament had rejected outright the first draft of the plan and Cypriots who has long believed in a miracle cure. The EU and IMF have not hidden that night that "restructuring" Banking is the hottest step sanitation of the island. Should follow as Greece, Portugal and Spain, fiscal consolidation and restoration of external accounts, with effect as a brake on the same activity.

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Saturday night by winning 23-16 against the Scottish XV, the Blues XV of France saved the furniture in their last match of the Six Nations. Success in extremis that does not allow the French to escape the wooden spoon, and will not be neutral finances of the French Rugby Federation (FFR). Lights for rugby, the RBS Six Nations is indeed substantial revenue in terms of ticket. And the sum of the organizing committee pays the FFR depends for 25% of the final ranking of the XV of France. The fourth-place finish in 2012 had resulted in a shortfall of 1 million euros over the 2011/2012 season. Manageable loss budget of 94.3 million. Especially as the finalist XV of France during the 2011 World Cup in New Zealand was largely offset this loss FFR had pocketed 2 million bonus from his sponsors.

The good performance too expensive for the same cost FFR: 5 million more a year of "salary players" for this place finalist in the World Cup (rugby bonuses for their summons, selections and victories in international matches). In the end, the poor performance in the tournament in 2013 can therefore make savings on 2012/2013: EUR 700,000 at a minimum according to our estimates *.

The image and attractiveness of rugby are involved

"In the medium term recurrence bad result would necessarily impact on the attractiveness of the product XV of France," warns François Hilbrandt however, a consultant specializing in rugby at Kurt Salmon. The popularity of the oval ball effect attracts many brands, allowing the federation to substantially increase its revenues in recent years. For example, the FFR chose earlier this year to French Renault BMW as a new sponsor for a million extra per year faxless payday advance.

But poor results were to reproduce the situation could change. In a crisis, the marks show indeed much more selective in their marketing investments. According to the White Paper of 2012 sponsorship of sports marketing firm Sportlab the XV de France is considered the second French team conveying the most positive values ​​behind the Experts handball and well ahead of France football team (3 % considering carrying values ​​very positive).  

38% positive feedback on social networks

But the results are mixed this season have already been felt on hearing: after good scores in the first match against Italy, France 2 has seen its audience share fall from 39.1% in 2012 (5.84 million viewers) to 29% for the 2013 edition (5.28 million viewers on average). And social networks, the very positive tone following the epic New Zealand is a little dull. According to the firm Synthesio specializes in e-reputation, 23% of mentions around 60,205 Tournament XV and lights are negative. "Despite the disappointing results, the tone around the XV de France remains generally positive, demonstrating the commitment of the French rugby for the" moderates still firm. However, some players have crystallized more criticism. With nearly half of negative comments, "Frederic Michalak and Pascal Pape them suffer a sporting tournament trickier" concludes Synthesio.

* Compared to what it would have cost if Grand Slam (83,270 euros per player). In the same case, the English would have received 115,000 euros each.

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Its massive silhouette left Thursday Saint-Nazaire, the port construction. With its 333 meters long, the "MSC Preziosa" is the largest cruise ship ordered by a European ship owner. After two years of construction, the vessel is the fourth vessel of a size comparable to the Italian-Swiss company MSC Cruises and the twelfth of its fleet.

"We need this size of boat to continue to offer a true holiday experience, says Erminio Eschena, CEO of MSC Cruises France, Belgium and Luxembourg. It is to respond to the heterogeneity of the public with a variety of equipment. "

Of ever larger vessels

In recent years, the owners engage in a race with ever larger vessels multiplying the range of leisure on board. While in the early 2000s, the average capacity was around 2000 passengers, she quickly rose to 3000 and now exceeds 4,000 people. The sinking of the Concordia, which sparked debates about the gigantic ship, nothing changed. The future flagship of Costa Cruises, the "Diadema" will welcome 5,000 passengers in 2014.

The formula seems to work. According to the International Association of cruise (Clia), the number of cruise French rose 9% in 2012 to 481,000 passengers pass when the European market grew by only 1%. France from the very late: the market occupies the fifth place in Europe, behind Great Britain and Germany. "It is rather a good figure considering the economic and market maintains a strong development capacity," said Georges Azouze, President of the French Association of cruise lines.

Good value for money

"With these large ships, the sector has benefited from a sharp drop in average ticket price has fallen by almost 30% over the last five years," said Didier Arino, director of consulting firm Protourisme. According to him, the quality / price ratio has progressed to the cruise vacation mode as an alternative, accessible to the greatest number.

Where upscale cruises on smaller ships often exceed 2000 euros per passenger, the tariff on these mégapaquebots which represent the vast majority of the offers may drop to 700 euros per week all inclusive, and even less with promotions.

Finally, the impact of the accident Concordia was more limited than expected. At MSC Cruises, it is estimated that the disaster had "no commercial consequence" while the side of Costa Cruises European leader recognizes that the tragedy has broken strong dynamics while adding, without elaborating, that the figure Business 2012 is in progress.

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Adjusting their domestic help or tutoring in January, although the French found that the bill had risen. The fault lies in the reform of social security contributions plans help home reform passed in late 2012 and effective this year. PS The majority has decided to abolish the words of 'package'. This allowed private employers to pay lower payroll taxes, contributions are still sitting on the level of the minimum wage, even when used at home was paid beyond the minimum wage. He departed from the traditional rule called "the real", which means that contributions after the salary. Approximately one third of households using the services the person was followers of the package. These 700,000 to 800,000 homes now have to pay payroll taxes related to earnings.

However, all are not penalized. Indeed, while removing the package, the government introduced in 2013 a reduction of social charges € 0.75 per hour worked. In other words, he has given with one hand he took the other. But only in part. Because the higher the salary the employee is away from home minimum wage, plus the disappearance of the package is detrimental. "If you pay using less than 8.20 euros net per hour, the reduction of 0,75 euro compensates the end of the package. For higher wages, it is no longer the case, "says Marie-Béatrice Levaux, President FEPEM (Federation of particular employers France). The problem is that many benefits are paid more than 8.20 euros. This is the case of school support services or computer. But also housekeepers and nannies in the large cities. "Ile-de-France, the average salary in-home service is 12 euros net per hour," says Florence Karras, DG specialized site cnickel.com .

Disaster for companies

The simulations are final. According FEPEM a family using a live-in nanny 40 hours per week to 12 hours euros net pay, because of the end of the package, despite the reduction of 0,75 euro and caregivers (provision of services for young children), 65.51 euros per month. Nearly 800 euros per year. Parents paying 18 euros an hour for a teacher their child will be the total bill, including charges, from 24.6 euros to 32.80 euros per hour, according to calculations cnickel.com. Only downside: the repayment of income tax of 50% will halve the extra cost.

Nevertheless, the price increase is likely to be a deterrent. "This will encourage moonlighting. Hours will not be declared and a share of compensation will be paid under the table ", Marie-Béatrice Levaux alert. Not really social progress for the personal … The FEPEM recalled that the last increase in payroll (end of the reduction of 15 points on the real system) has lost 6900 jobs reported in full-time equivalents in 2011.

Companies are minority (4% of the market) in a sector where employment and direct associations dominate. But for those companies that are specialized in providing expensive (typically over) sold with the package, the blow is hard. Especially as some of them also suffer an increase in VAT. "Some of our members are closing branches. It is killing an economic ecosystem, "protested Maxime Aiach, president of the Federation Service to individuals.

For now, most of the benefits of personal services is preserved. The case is limited to the package. 70% of households would not use the package even see the cost of home help lower thanks to the reduction of 0.75 euro. PS and the government has maintained a tax reduction of 50%. "But I'm worried about the future. It is imperative that the majority does not touch the tax reduction, "Marie-Béatrice Levaux alert. Reminder that the sector employs 2.2 million people.

• Internet: surfing too can justify dismissal

Tourism sites, comparing prices, ready-to-wear, women's magazine … This framework has performed all 10,000 connections to the Internet from his office, within two or three weeks, unrelated to his work. The Court of Cassation, in the beginning, the immediate dismissal of the employee. The use of "abusive" Internet was selected as "serious misconduct". "In this area, as for the rest, there is a principle of fairness: the working time should be used for the job," summarizes Mr. Eric Rocheblave, a lawyer specializing in labor law at Montpellier.

Personal use of the Internet in the office, it is reasoned, is not prohibited by the Labour Code. The employer, however, the right to control what sites are visited, since the connection is provided within the work, and supposed to be used for professional purposes. Some sites are of course to be avoided: the Bordeaux Court of Appeal held in 2011 that the consultation sites "sexual activities and meetings" is a serious offense.

• Social networks: they constitute evidence of fault

What is said on Facebook is far from private, dozens of cases to prove it. Three engineers were dismissed in 2010 for insulting their boss on the social network. Posts were only visible by their "friends" … where an employee of the company, which has screenshots and forwarded to the employer. "The impressions are found increasingly in labor arbitration cases, observed Rocheblave me. Everyone is spying and folders. "Traces left on social networks constitute evidence and may be grounds for dismissal.  

The use of Facebook in the office is not prohibited but not recommended, especially if excessive, again because the principle of fairness at work. For many, the question does not arise: in 2011, 64% of companies blocking access to these networks to their employees.

In rare cases, social networks can also save the employees. Court of Appeal of Poitiers, a licensed salesperson verbally could demonstrate that it was well under employment contract showing messages left by his employer on his Facebook page.

• E-mail: protected if identified as "personal"

All e-mails from the professional messaging … are supposed to be professionals. The employer has an "absolute right" of these emails, "the same way a baker look at how our employees are making bread," notes Rocheblave me. Nothing prevents an employee to send personal emails, but in moderation. In 2009, the Council of Angers Prud'hommes confirmed the dismissal of an employee who had sent 156 personal e-mails in two months.

The secrecy of correspondence applies to personal mails clearly identified as such with the word "personal" in the subject. They can be consulted by management in the presence of the employee or representative, except in cases of "risk or special event." With regard to the content of e-mails, the same rules of decency apply. The Court of Appeal has recently Orleans upheld the dismissal of an employee for sending saucy emails to colleagues.  

• Work Phone:

some tolerance

According to the CNIL (PDF), "The use for personal phone (provided by employer) work is tolerated if it is reasonable and not prejudicial to your employer." Conversations can not be recorded, except in special cases and reported (qualitative studies, for example). The employer can control the use of the telephone, from invoices and phone records. An employee who had sent 522 SMS and spent a total of 24 hours of calls in three months on his business phone has escaped dismissal last summer, before the Court of Appeal of Grenoble. She acknowledged the complaint but considered as disproportionate dismissal, an employee with 12 years of seniority.

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